Athlete monitoring has become an essential component of contemporary strength and conditioning practice because of its role in optimizing performance, regulating training load, supporting recovery and reducing injury risk. However, many athlete monitoring systems rely on expensive technologies that remain inaccessible within low-resource sporting environments. Consequently, coaches and practitioners in developing countries often depend on practical and low-cost monitoring approaches. This study examined athlete monitoring practices within Ghanaian football and school sports systems to identify commonly used monitoring methods, evaluate their effectiveness and explore their relationships with athlete readiness, recovery quality, injury occurrence, and overall athlete management outcomes.